Author name: Arya

Career development can be defined as the interaction of psychological, sociological, economic, physical and chance factors that shape the sequence of jobs, occupations, professions or careers that a person may engage in throughout a lifetime.

Assessing HRD needs assessment is a process by which an organisation’s HRD needs are identified and articulated. It is the starting point of the HRD and the training process.

HRD professionals are drivers of HR and organisational development at an individual, team or organisational level. They are instruments of control as they are frequently responsible for facilitating the socialisation of individuals in work settings.

Training is a specialised function and is one of the fundamental operative functions of human resource management. It is a short-term process utilising a systematic and organised procedure by which non-managerial personnel acquire technical knowledge and skills for a definite purpose.

Quality of work life is a process of joint decision-making, collaborations and building mutual respect between management and employees.

Demotion is the assignment of an employee to a job of lower rank with lower pay. It is just the opposite of promotion and thus involves the downward career movement of the employee in the organisation hierarchy.